Secondly, the particle can knock electrons free from argon atoms ... source of the electric field that draws ionization electrons to the sides of the detector module. In addition, each module ...

They work differently in order to detect smoke. Ionization detectors use a very small amount of radioactive material inside of an ionization chamber with electrically charged plates. When smoke ...

Both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation can be harmful to both organisms and the natural environment. Radiation testers either measure the levels of Ionizing or non-ionizing radiation from Nuclear ...

This study offers a detailed analysis of electron-cloud alignment dynamics induced by intense XFEL pulses in atomic argon. It provides insights into X-ray multiphoton ionization and its impact on ...