Blood sample collection in lizards is an important technique. This column describes techniques for sample collection from the ventral coccygeal vein and the ventral abdominal vein. The ventral ...

Snakes are used in various investigations of the effects of their venom on human physiology. Blood sampling is frequently an important part of these investigations. The heart is the most commonly ...

The inferior vena cava (also known as IVC or the posterior vena cava) is a large vein that carries oxygen-depleted blood from the torso ... The left renal vein, the left adrenal vein, and left ...