Nucleic acids are complex biological molecules that store and transmit genetic information in all living organisms. They are essential for the survival and reproduction of life on Earth. The two main ...

"The importance of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) within living cells is undisputed" (Watson & Crick, 1953). This opening sentence of James Watson and Francis Crick's second major paper, published ...

These nanoparticles have gained significant attention due to their versatility, biocompatibility, and ability to encapsulate and deliver various active ingredients, such as drugs, proteins, and ...