The atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons. All oxygen atoms have 8 protons and all sodium atoms have 11 protons. The nucleon number (or mass number) of an atom is the total ...

organizes all discovered chemical elements in rows (called periods) and columns (called groups) according to increasing atomic number. Scientists use the periodic table to quickly refer to information ...

Iron has a mass number of 56 and is one of the most stable of all the elements. We say that iron has a high binding energy per nucleon. Elements with lower and higher mass numbers per nucleon are ...

In 1972, McKay was focused on finite groups—groups that have a finite number of elements. He observed that in many cases, you can deduce important information about a finite group by looking at ...

As they studied atomic disintegration, they kept seeing that the atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus, equivalent to the positive charge of the atom) was less than the atomic mass ...

We expect the effect to be even stronger for elements heavier than carbon ... achieve without understanding the three-nucleon ...

Sometimes these elements are unwanted; other times they're intentionally added. Carbon (C): Carbon, a nonmetallic element, forms a number of organic and inorganic compounds and can be found in ...

Fission splits a heavy element (with a high atomic mass number) into fragments; while fusion joins two light elements (with a low atomic mass ... be understood by examining the binding energy per ...

McClintock’s maize breeding experiments provided the first detailed descriptions of transposable elements. What exactly are these “jumping genes,” and why are they so important? As ...