“In the present work, we report on the polarized spectroscopy and first laser operation of a Sm 3+-doped LiYF 4 crystal in the orange (at 605 nm) and red (at 648 nm), as well as the first diode-pumped ...

By contrast, an open-cavity laser has a gas-discharge tube sealed ... angle to the long axis of the tube and transparent to p-polarized light. A second mirror is positioned opposite the Brewster ...

The team shined a laser beam on a spatial light modulator and through a quarter-wave plate to convert the beam into a circularly polarized optical vortex. This beam was then focused onto a plate ...