and Nikitin et al. present genomic data for 367 individuals from the Pontic–Caspian steppe and surrounding areas, doubling the number of available genomes from the Eneolithic period and almost ...

The North Pontic region, which encompasses present-day Ukraine, was for centuries a crossroads of migration from multiple directions, connecting the vast Eurasian Steppe with Central Europe.

Ten thousands were built during this period in the Pontic-Caspian steppe, but also in temperate Europe thousands were built as a result of the migrations.