The present participle is like '-ing' in English.

J’écoute de la musique en faisant mes devoirs. – I listen to music while doing my homework. Il s’est cassé la jambe en jouant au rugby. – He broke his leg by/while playing rugby.

Past modals stating the present Interestingly ... For instance, we can use might have or may have + past participle when we think it’s possible that something happened. I think she may have ...