Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as cell signaling molecules for normal biologic processes. However, the generation of ROS can also provoke damage to multiple cellular organelles and processes ...

Our cells use oxygen to generate energy by burning nutrients to keep various processes in the cell working. While making this energy in the mitochondria (the cell’s power plants), the cell also ...

Mitochondria, often seen as cellular powerhouses, play a surprising role in immune regulation. Researchers found that ...

Plant pests such as bacteria and fungi lead to significant yield losses in agriculture. In order to develop new strategies ...

Biologists have identified important components and mechanisms of the molecular machinery that transmits information about a pathogen encounter within the plant organism.

New research has identified crucial components and mechanisms of the plant immune system, potentially helping to develop ...

Mitochondria are critical for cellular homeostasis, regulating bioenergetics, redox balance, Ca2+ signaling, and cell death. Mitochondrial Ca2+ (Ca2+mito) plays a dual role in physiological processes ...

Model of systemic immune signaling: Left: Pathogens trigger the initial immune response. This activates the kinase “BIK1”, triggering the cell to produce extracellular reactive oxygen species that ...

This jump-starts signaling pathways inside the cell that spur the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antimicrobial compounds, which are secreted to combat the pathogen. PAMP-triggered ...

Mitochondria are crucial organelles for cellular homeostasis, regulating processes such as ATP production, reactive oxygen ...