Petrology is the study of rocks - igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary - and the processes that form and transform them. Mineralogy is the study of the chemistry, crystal structure and physical ...

As the early Earth solidified, gravitational segregation of dense, iron-rich melts drove mantle evolution, injecting geochemical signatures of shallow silicate fractionation into the deep mantle ...

Dr. Kaczmarek is an associate professor of geology and head of the Carbonate Petrology & Characterization Laboratory at Western Michigan University. He is a sedimentary petrologist with a research ...