Tell students that a seismic reflection happens when a wave impinges on a change in rock type. Part of the energy carried by the wave is transmitted through the material (refracted wave ...

To give you an idea how these numbers can add up, think of it in terms of the energy released by explosives: a magnitude 1 seismic wave releases as much energy as blowing up 6 ounces of TNT. A ...

A surface wave travels along the surface of the Earth. It is the slowest of the three types of seismic wave. Surface waves usually have larger amplitude than the other waves and cause the most damage.

The S wave shadow zone is the area of the Earth’s surface where S waves are not detected following an earthquake. This shadow zone has led geologists to a model of the Earth with a solid mantle ...

which uses "electrical energy . . . as a wave source" that "monitor[s] seismic wave energy" on dry, wet, and frozen diabase samples. Experimentation revealed that the seismic velocities of the dry ...