Our results expand our knowledge of the diversity of electroactive species and of the metabolic and bioenergetic strategies used by lactic acid bacteria. Bacteria oxidize a variety of electron donors ...

The ancient origins of metabolism may be rooted deep in oceanic crust, and these early metabolisms may have persisted in the habitable thermal anoxic aquifer where conditions remain similar to those ...

Both newly synthesized and imported extracellular serine inhibited Treg differentiation by contributing to one-carbon metabolism and promoting the methylation, and therefore silencing, of genes ...

A conserved intracellular loop 1 (ICL1) bridges cytosolic regulatory domains and the ion translocation path via simultaneous interactions with the NTD and intracellular gate region. The NKCC1 CTD ...

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