Ultrasound is not necessary when computed ... or D-dimer measurement plus bilateral lower extremity venous compression US (if D-dimer level is >500 ng/mL), followed by chest CT if US results ...

abnormal dilatations and tortuosities of the saphenous veins of the lower extremity. If one then stops to reflect where else in the body they may occur, the veins of the left pampiniform plexus ...

Subsequent magnetic resonance image venography confirmed the absence of infrarenal IVC and iliac veins with normal lower extremity venous systems draining into the pelvic collateral vessels ...