and statistically significant improvement in clinical outcome compared to decompressive lumbar laminectomy alone (one RCT). Arguments for the choice of fusion with instrumentation were an ...

A 65-year-old man presented to the ED with 1 day of acute onset mid-thoracic and low back pain, difficulty ambulating and ...

The main reasons for exclusion were: outcomes were not patient reported functional outcome measures (n = 12); non-experimental research design (n = 10); populations with lumbar pathological ...