Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) signal through FGF receptor tyrosine kinases to regulate a wide range of biological processes during development and adulthood. FGF receptors (FGFRs) are involved ...

The evolution of a disease resulting in functional changes in your body is known as pathophysiology. To understand COPD’s pathophysiology, it’s important to understand the structure of the ...

Correspondence to: Prof. M Levin, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK; m.levin{at}ic.ac.uk Neisseria ...

We have previously reported that young adult rats exposed to daily, short-duration noise for extended time periods, develop accelerated presbycusis starting at 6 months of age. Auditory aging is ...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated that the lesion was hypointense on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI; with mixed signals of exudate in the mastoid cavity), hyperintense on T2-weighted ... His ...

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate mastoid volume and dimensions in patients with unilateral microtia using High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) to enhance the precision of ...

A skin lump or bump covered by normal skin Skin swelling just in one spot (localized) is also included ...

The ear canal, middle ear and inner ear are all within the temporal bone. The temporal bone is part of the skull above the ear. One part of the temporal bone is called the mastoid bone. It is the ...

Dr Martin Riedel, Deutsches Herzzentrum und I. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Lazarettstr. 36, D-80636 München, Germanym.riedel{at}dhm.mhn.de ...

I have been listing medical anniversaries annually since 2016, and have recently done so for 2025.1 For this purpose I have counted an anniversary as a date on which ...

While factors such as myocardial ischaemia, worsening renal function, volume overload and chronic pulmonary disease may contribute to decompensation, the primary pathophysiology in hypertensive AHF ...

A blow received on the inferior aspect of the mandible is transmitted through the midfacial skeleton, forcing the skull to rotate backwards about an axis passing roughly through the mastoid processes.