Orthopnea can be defined as dyspnea that develops in the recumbent position and is relieved by elevation of the head with pillows. In the recumbent position, there is reduced pooling of fluid in ...

Information about orthopnea was available for all patients at baseline and for 143 patients at a 6-month to 1-year follow-up. A yes/no format standardized form collected the history of orthopnea.