Methods: The biggest known genome-wide association study (GWAS) (n = 13,266) from the MiBioGen collaboration was used to provide summary data on the gut microbiota for a two-sample MR research ...

In this comprehensive two ... have provided the first suggestive evidence that higher TIMP3 levels decrease CKD, and we observed a significant negative causal relationship between TIMP3 and eGFRcrea ...

Jebsen Ctr for Genetic Epidemiology, Dept of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Background People with lower incomes tend to have poorer ...

Abstract: It is a long-standing question to discover causal relations from observed variables in many empirical sciences. However, current causal discovery methods are inefficient when dealing with ...

Understanding how we conceptualize time out of the complex present moment opens up possibilities for greater causal impact.

The Surgeon General warns us that even moderate alcohol consumption causes several cancers. However, the causal case lacks rigor.