Genetic engineering is the act of modifying the genetic makeup of an organism. Modifications can be generated by methods such as gene targeting, nuclear transplantation, transfection of synthetic ...

Metabolic engineering is the use of genetic engineering to modify the metabolism of an organism. It can involve the optimization of existing biochemical pathways or the introduction of pathway ...

Resistance to diseases could be introduced into susceptible crops using genetic engineering. Not only can this protect the crop, it can also safeguard farmers' livelihoods. An example is ...