2024年12月18日 · Enhanced CT shows the location and severity of the superior vena cava obstruction, superimposed thrombosis, a mediastinal mass or lymphadenopathy, collateral vessels, and associated lung masses. A focal hepatic hot spot sign may be visible.

2021年9月15日 · The superior vena cava (SVC) is a large valveless venous channel formed by the union of the brachiocephalic veins. It receives blood from the upper half of the body (except the heart) and returns it to the right atrium.

2024年7月28日 · CT. CT, especially with contrast, is able to elegantly demonstrate the anomalous vessel coursing inferiorly to the left of the arch of the aorta and anterior to the left hilum. It is in direct continuation of the confluence of the left internal jugular vein and the left subclavian vein.

2024年12月28日 · Superior vena caval (SVC) duplication is the most common form of a left-sided SVC, where the normal right-sided SVC remains. The right SVC, however, can be smaller in approximately two-thirds of such cases 3. Epidemiology. Double SVC occurs in 0.3% of the general population.

2024年6月12日 · The inferior vena cava (IVC) (plural: inferior venae cavae) is one of the great vessels that drains venous blood from the lower limbs, pelvis and abdomen into the right atrium of the heart.

2024年10月22日 · CT. Utilization of contrast-enhanced studies with MDCT technology enables both detection and characterization of the anomalies. It is considered the imaging modality of choice 3,4. Treatment and prognosis

2024年7月6日 · The underlying cause of inferior vena cava obstruction needs to be diagnosed and various imaging modalities are used for this purpose. When obstruction of inferior vena cava is suspected, duplex ultrasound, CT or MRI of abdomen and …

2024年6月19日 · The pulmonary veins are covered by a short (~9 mm) myocardial layer, which is often the electrical focus of atrial fibrillation with the left superior pulmonary vein being the foci for almost half of cases. These abnormal foci can be isolated with radiofrequency ablation.

2024年10月15日 · superiorly: superior mediastinum, divided by the thoracic plane. anteriorly: anterior mediastinum. posteriorly: posterior mediastinum. Contents. pericardium. heart. great vessels joining the heart. ascending aorta. pulmonary trunk. right pulmonary artery. left pulmonary artery the lower half of the superior vena cava. tracheal bifurcation and ...

2024年10月14日 · It then ascends in the posterior mediastinum before arching over the right main bronchus posteriorly at the root of the right lung (at the level of T5-T6), where it joins the superior vena cava at the azygovenous junction.