Ninety five per cent of active volcanoes occur close to the major tectonic plate margins, the rest occur in intraplate locations and are often associated with hotspot activity. Despite their apparent similarity, volcanoes differ in cause, structure and effect.

Pseudo volcanic features. Pseudo volcanic features are certain topographic features that resemble volcanic forms but are of non-volcanic origin. They include meteorite crater, salt plugs, and mud-volcanoes. Meteorite Craters. Meteorite craters are impact craters that are formed when a meteorite strikes the surface of the earth creating a huge ...

Features. Sill: Sill results when an intrusion of magma is made horizontally along the bedding planes of sedimentary rocks. Dyke: A vertical or steeply inclined igneous rock band which crosses across the bedding plane. Laccolith: A massive dome-shaped intrusion of solidified magma with a level base.

Depending on the type of lava and nature of the eruption, different volcanic features are formed either on the surface as extrusive features like lava plateaus, cinder cones, or domes, or below the surface as intrusive features like batholiths, dykes, and sills.