A neuron, neurone, [1] or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system. They are located in the brain and spinal cord and help to receive and conduct impulses.

2025年2月6日 · Rusty Gage describes how evidence for neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus shaped our understanding of learning, memory and mental health. ... Tosoni, G. et al. Neuron 111, 1714–1731 (2023).

Some neurons, called projection neurons, communicate with more distant parts of the brain or directly with muscles in our body. The human brain contains approximately 86 billion neurons, with trillions of connections among them. A neuron has three parts: the cell body, dendrites, and the axon (Figure 1).

2025年1月12日 · The human brain, a complex organ responsible for our thoughts, emotions, and actions, relies heavily on the intricate structure of neurons. ... exhibit a diversity in form and function, yet they share a common structural blueprint. Each neuron consists of three primary components: the cell body, dendrites, and an axon. The cell body, or soma ...

2024年11月29日 · A neuron has three basic parts: a cell body, an axon, and dendrites. Within the cell body is a nucleus, which controls the cell’s activities and contains the cell’s genetic material. The axon looks like a long tail and sends messages from the cell. Dendrites look like branches of a tree and receive messages for the cell.

2025年1月9日 · Dendrites are covered with synaptic receptors that bind neurotransmitters, allowing the neuron to respond to chemical signals. The vast surface area provided by the dendritic tree enables a single neuron to connect with numerous other neurons, forming complex networks. The axon, a long, slender projection, emerges from the soma at the axon hillock.

2025年1月18日 · neuron, basic cell of the nervous system in vertebrates and most invertebrates from the level of the cnidarians (e.g., corals, jellyfish) upward. A typical neuron has a cell body containing a nucleus and two or more long fibres.

2023年12月21日 · The neuron (or nerve cell) is the functional unit of both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The basic functions of neurons can be summarized into four main tasks: receiving signals, integrating these signals/generating signals and transmitting the signals to target cells and organs.

2022年2月28日 · Neurons, also known as nerve cells, send and receive signals from your brain. While neurons have a lot in common with other types of cells, they’re structurally and functionally unique. Specialized...

2023年7月18日 · Neurons are responsible for carrying information throughout the human body. Using electrical and chemical signals, they help coordinate all of the necessary functions of life.