Sulphate attack on concrete is a chemical breakdown mechanism where sulphate ions attack components of the cement paste. The compounds responsible for sulphate attack on concrete are water-soluble sulphate-containing salts, such as alkali-earth (calcium, magnesium) and alkali (sodium, potassium) sulphates that are capable of chemically reacting ...

Sulfate attack typically happens to ground floor slabs in contact with soils containing a source of sulfates. [2] Sulfates dissolved by ground moisture migrate into the concrete of the slab where they react with different mineral phases of the hardened cement paste.

2020年4月22日 · Sulphate attack is one of the most common phenomena that strikes hardened reinforced concrete to an extent that leads to its disintegration and splintering.

Deterioration of concrete due to sulfate attack is a complex process characterized by multiple damage manifestations including volumetric expansion, cracking, spalling, softening, and in some cases mushiness. Sulfate attack can generally be classified as internal or external to the cementitious matrix, and the underlying

Sulfate attack is a significant durability issue for cement-based materials, affecting structures and components such as dams, concrete pavements, bridge piers, concrete piles, embedded concrete foundations, and slabs, in addition to highway or railway tunnels .

In this article, we will delve into the world of sulfate attack on reinforced concrete structures, with a particular focus on the structural design aspects. Sulfate attack is a chemical reaction that occurs when sulfates in various forms come into contact with concrete.

Sulfate attack is a term used to describe a series of deleterious chemical reactions between sulfate ions and the components of hardened concrete, principally the cement matrix, caused by exposure of concrete to sulfates and moisture (Skalny et al., 2002). You might find these chapters and articles relevant to this topic.

Generally sulphates in solid form do not attack the concrete severely but when they are in liquid form they pass into the voids of concrete and react with hydrated cement products. Calcium sulphate causes minimum damage because of its low solubility while magnesium sulphate causes maximum damage.

ACI 201.2R recommends and the ACI 318 building code require precautions to prevent damage by sulfate attack when water containing sulfates can come into contact with the concrete. Precautions include the use of Type II cement, Type V cement, pozzolans, and slag with a known resistance to sulfate attack.

2004年8月1日 · Part I identifies the issues involved, pointing out disagreements, and distinguishes between the mere occurrence of chemical reactions of sulfates with hydrated cement paste and the damage or deterioration of concrete; only the latter are taken to represent sulfate attack.