In molecular biology, initiation factors are proteins that bind to the small subunit of the ribosome during the initiation of translation, a part of protein biosynthesis. [1] Initiation factors can interact with repressors to slow down or prevent translation.

2022年7月31日 · Initiation of Translation. Protein synthesis begins with the formation of an initiation complex. In E. coli, this complex involves the small 30S ribosome, the mRNA template, initiation factors and a special initiator tRNA. The initiator tRNA interacts with the start codon AUG. Guanosine triphosphate (GTP), which is a purine nucleotide ...

Eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are proteins or protein complexes involved in the initiation phase of eukaryotic translation. These proteins help stabilize the formation of ribosomal preinitiation complexes around the start codon and are an important input for post-transcription gene regulation .

2022年7月8日 · Translation comprises four major steps: initiation, elongation, termination, and ribosome recycling. In this review, we provide a comprehensive list of translation factors required for protein synthesis in yeast and higher eukaryotes and summarize the mechanisms of each individual phase of eukaryotic translation. 1. Introduction.

We will describe here the mechanism of translation initiation in eukaryotes, with a particular emphasis on translation factors and their function. The initiation of protein synthesis consists in the recruitment of a ribosome·initiator tRNA complex to the initiation codon of a messenger RNA.

2025年1月18日 · Initiation factors are indispensable molecular players that orchestrate the complex dance of translation initiation, ensuring the seamless assembly of the translation machinery. These proteins facilitate various stages of the initiation process, each contributing unique functions that collectively drive the formation of a competent ribosomal ...

Translation initiation is the process of assembly of elongation-competent 80S ribosomes, in which the initiation codon is base-paired with the anticodon loop of initiator tRNA (Met-tRNA Meti)...

Progress over recent years in determining the structures and activities of initiation factors, and in mapping their interactions within ribosomal initiation complexes, has significantly advanced our understanding of the complex translation initiation process.

2023年12月5日 · Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) is the initiation factor that delivers the Met-tRNA i Met to the P site, and one of the main targets for translation regulation.

Translation initiation in eukaryotes is a highly regulated and complex stage of gene expression. It requires the action of at least 12 initiation factors, many of which are known to be the targets of regulatory pathways.